What is the purpose of the rights-based ethical theory?

• A. To ensure the greatest number of benefits
• B. To advocate for the rights of minorities
• C. To prioritize individual rights over collective good
• D. To respect the basic rights of most people in decision-making

Answer: (D)

The purpose of the rights-based ethical theory is fundamentally about acknowledging and respecting individual rights, which is reflected in the chosen answer. This ethical framework emphasizes that individuals possess inherent rights that should be upheld in all decision-making processes. Adhering to this theory means recognizing these rights as paramount, fostering an environment where individuals can exercise their freedoms and entitlements without undue interference.

In its essence, rights-based ethics focuses on the protection of individuals’ rights, arguing that these should not be compromised for the sake of the collective good. This stands in contrast to utilitarian approaches, which prioritize the greatest overall benefit, potentially at the expense of individual rights. Moreover, while advocating for the rights of minorities is an important aspect of this theory, it encompasses a broader range of individual rights, including those of the majority. Therefore, the emphasis on respecting the basic rights of all individuals in decision-making underscores the central tenet of rights-based ethics, making it the most accurate description of its purpose.